The birthday of Juana Inés de la Cruz is observed in Mexico every November 12. This unofficial observance honors Sor Juana, a Hieronymite nun from New Spain, who was a self-taught scholar, philosopher, composer, and poet. Born Juana Inés de Asbaje y Ramírez de Santillana in 1648, she was recognized for her intellect and literary contributions, which included poems, plays, and essays on religion and philosophy. Sor Juana faced challenges due to her illegitimacy and societal norms, ultimately becoming a nun to pursue her studies freely. Her legacy includes addressing themes of feminism and critiquing misogyny, earning her titles such as “The Tenth Muse” and “The Phoenix of America.” Celebrations may involve discussions of her works and contributions to literature and women's rights.