Sovereignty Day is observed in Iraq on January 1. This important holiday commemorates the expiration of the mandate of the multinational force in Iraq on December 31, 2008, marking the end of foreign military presence in the country. The day is significant in the context of the Iraq War, which began on March 20, 2003, and saw the U.S.-led coalition invade Iraq under the pretext of eliminating weapons of mass destruction. The holiday is distinct from Iraq's National Day, celebrated on October 3. Sovereignty Day has been celebrated since 2009, reflecting the historical shift in Iraq's governance following the withdrawal of U.S. forces, which was completed by December 31, 2011. The observance of this day serves as a reminder of Iraq's regained autonomy and the challenges faced during the conflict.