Martyrs' Day is observed in Madagascar every March 29 as a public holiday to honor the memory of those who died during the Malagasy Uprising that began on this date in 1947. The uprising was a response to French colonial rule, which had been established in 1896. On March 29, 1947, Malagasy nationalists launched surprise attacks against French plantations and military bases, leading to a widespread rebellion that was met with brutal repression by French forces, resulting in an estimated 10,000 to over 100,000 Malagasy casualties. This day is also known as Insurrection Day or Commemoration Day, during which the Malagasy government and citizens remember the patriots who sacrificed their lives in the struggle for independence. The observance serves as a significant reminder of the country's fight against colonial oppression and the quest for autonomy.