Abolition Day is observed in Martinique on May 22 each year, commemorating the abolition of slavery on the island in 1848. This public holiday marks the end of slavery, which had been a significant part of Martinique's history since the French established their first settlement in 1635 and began importing African slaves for sugar plantations. The official abolition of slavery in the French Empire occurred on April 27, 1848, but it was the slave rebellion in La Prêcheur that prompted Governor Claude Rostoland to abolish slavery in Martinique two days later. Celebrations on Abolition Day reflect the island's historical struggles and triumphs, acknowledging the impact of slavery on its economy and politics. It is one of the few public holidays unique to this overseas region of France.