Martyrdom Day of Guru Arjan is observed annually on June 18 and is an important event for Sikhs worldwide, particularly in the Indian state of Punjab, where it is an official holiday. This day commemorates the fifth Guru of Sikhism, Guru Arjan, who was the first Sikh martyr, executed in 1606 for refusing to alter his hymns at the demand of the Mughal emperor. Observances typically include solemn processions and public readings of the Adi Granth, the central religious scripture of Sikhism that Guru Arjan compiled. The Harmandir Sahib, also known as the Golden Temple, is a significant location associated with Guru Arjan, as it houses the original copy of the Adi Granth and is a major pilgrimage site for Sikhs. The day serves as a reminder of Guru Arjan's contributions to Sikhism and the challenges faced by the community during his time.