Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day is observed in Hong Kong every July 1. This holiday commemorates the transfer of Hong Kong from British rule to China in 1997, marking the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The origins of the holiday trace back to the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, which ceded Hong Kong to Britain following the First Opium War. Celebrations typically include an extravagant fireworks display at night, and the day also serves as a platform for political rallies and protest marches, organized annually by the Civil Human Rights Front, advocating for universal suffrage and the preservation of civil liberties.