Independence Day in Cape Verde is observed every July 5, commemorating the country's independence from Portugal in 1975. This public holiday is celebrated nationwide with various festivities, including political speeches, parades, and performances. The Republic of Cabo Verde, an archipelago located 570 km off the coast of Northwest Africa, has a rich history that began with its discovery by the Portuguese in the 15th century. The first European settlement was established in Ribeira Grande, now known as Cidade Velha, which became a significant center for maritime trade. The independence movement gained momentum in the mid-20th century with the formation of the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), which played a role in the broader struggle against colonial rule. Independence Day serves as a national day, providing a day off for most of the population, with schools and government offices closed.