ANE Awareness Day is observed worldwide every July 31 to highlight acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE), a rare complication of viral infections that can lead to severe neurological damage or death. The day was established by ANE International, an organization dedicated to supporting affected families and promoting education about ANE among medical professionals and the public. ANE typically develops following infections from viruses such as influenza A or B, human herpesvirus 6, enteroviruses, SARS-CoV-2, and the measles virus. Symptoms initially resemble those of a common viral infection but progress to serious neurological issues, including seizures and coma. The observance aims to advocate for further research and genetic testing when ANE is suspected, as some individuals may experience recurrent episodes following new infections.