Indian Day (Dia do Índio) is an official holiday observed in Brazil every April 19, honoring the indigenous peoples of the country. Established by President Getúlio Vargas in 1943, the holiday commemorates the First Inter-American Indian Congress that began on this date in 1940. It is particularly celebrated in regions with significant indigenous populations, such as the municipality of Bertioga in São Paulo, which hosts the National Indian Festival, recognized as the world's largest indigenous cultural event. The day serves to educate Brazilians about the culture and traditions of Native Brazilians, who make up about 0.4% of the population, with 817,000 individuals identifying as indigenous according to the 2010 census. Additionally, Brazil is home to over 60 uncontacted tribes, highlighting the diversity of its indigenous heritage.