Independence Day in Niger is observed every August 3, marking the day when Niger gained independence from France in 1960. This public holiday is celebrated with official festivities, including speeches from political leaders and a broadcast by the President. It is a significant national festival, and as a public holiday, government employees receive a day off, while many businesses close. Since 1975, the day has also been recognized as Arbor Day (Fête de l'Arbre), with a tradition of tree planting to combat desertification, where every Nigerian is encouraged to plant a tree. The celebration reflects Niger's history, including its early population, the impact of trans-Saharan trade, and its colonial past under French rule.