Freedom and Democracy Day is observed in Chad every December 1, celebrating the overthrow of Hissène Habré's dictatorship in 1990 and the rise of Idriss Déby to power. Habré's regime, which lasted from 1982, was marked by severe human rights abuses, including the establishment of a secret police that tortured and executed opponents and engaged in ethnic cleansing. The holiday commemorates the events of November 10, 1990, when Déby led an uprising against Habré, culminating in his exile on December 1. This date signifies the beginning of a new era of freedom and democracy in Chad. As a public holiday, all businesses and government offices are closed, allowing citizens to enjoy an additional day off.