The National Memorial Day of the Exiles and Foibe is observed in Italy every February 10. Established in 2005, this day commemorates the victims of the foibe massacres that occurred primarily in Dalmatia, Istria, and Venezia Giulia from 1943 to 1949, where local Italians were killed mainly by Yugoslav Partisans. The term "foiba" refers to a type of karst sinkhole into which many victims were thrown, with some bodies remaining unrecovered due to the depth of these sinkholes. The estimated number of victims ranges from 7,000 to 11,000, but the exact figure and motives behind the killings remain unclear due to the lack of official investigations. The issue gained prominence after Silvio Berlusconi's second term as Prime Minister, leading to the establishment of this memorial day, which features observances and exhibitions across the country to honor those who were forced to flee or were killed.