National Day in Mauritius is observed every March 12, celebrating the country's independence from the United Kingdom in 1968 and the establishment of the Republic of Mauritius in 1992. The day marks significant historical events, including the abolition of slavery in 1835 and the end of the color bar in 1828, which paved the way for greater political representation for colored individuals, notably after petitions to Queen Victoria. The first prime minister was appointed following independence, with Queen Elizabeth II remaining as head of state. The nation transitioned to a republic on March 12, 1992, with Sir Veerasamy Ringadoo becoming its first president. This public holiday is an occasion for national pride and reflection on the country's journey towards self-governance and equality.