Independence Day in Mauritius is celebrated annually on March 12, marking the anniversary of the island nation becoming an independent state within the Commonwealth. This public holiday is observed across the country, which comprises four islands: Mauritius, Rodrigues, Agalega, and St. Brandon, with Port Louis as the capital and most populous city. The history of Mauritius includes periods of occupation by the Portuguese, Dutch, French, and British, with the latter establishing a plantation colony and eventually granting the island universal suffrage. The day is a celebration of the country's culture and traditions, reflecting the diverse heritage shaped by its colonial past. Typical customs include festivities that honor the people and history of Mauritius.