The 1991 Rebellion Anniversary is observed in Iraqi Kurdistan on March 5 each year, commemorating a series of popular uprisings that occurred in northern and southern Iraq following the Gulf War ceasefire. The rebellion was driven by the belief that Saddam Hussein's regime was vulnerable after its defeat in the war, with participants including Shia Arab Islamists, Kurdish nationalists, military mutineers, and far-left groups. The uprising began in southern Iraq near Basra on March 1 and spread to the north, particularly in Rania, where Kurdish forces gained control over most cities in the region within ten days. Despite initial successes, regime loyalists regrouped and announced the rebellion's suppression by April 5, though fighting continued until October, ultimately leading to the establishment of the Kurdistan Regional Government. This anniversary is officially celebrated in Iraqi Kurdistan, alongside other remembrance days such as Sulaymaniyah Liberation Day on March 7, Duhok Liberation Day on March 13, and Kirkuk Liberation Day on March 20.