Tobacco Fatwa Day is observed in Iran every May 14, commemorating a significant event in the movement that led to the Persian Constitutional Revolution of 1905–1911. The day marks the issuance of a fatwa by the cleric Mirza Shirazi in 1891, which declared the use of tobacco to be equivalent to war against the Hidden Imam Muhammad al-Mahdi, prompting widespread protests against a tobacco monopoly granted by Nasir al-Din Shah to Major G. F. Talbot. This monopoly threatened the livelihoods of over 200,000 people in the tobacco industry and sparked protests in cities such as Shiraz, Tabriz, and Tehran, supported by Shia religious leaders. The fatwa led to a nationwide refusal to smoke tobacco, resulting in the eventual cancellation of the concession and the restoration of the tobacco industry. Following this victory, Mirza Shirazi issued another fatwa allowing tobacco consumption, symbolizing a significant moment of resistance against foreign economic domination in Iran.