National Education Day, or HARDIKNAS, is observed in Indonesia every May 2. This day honors Ki Hajar Dewantara, a key figure in Indonesian education during the colonial era, who was born on this date in 1889. Dewantara founded the Taman Siswa educational movement in 1922, aimed at providing education to the native population, and developed the educational philosophy Tut Wuri Handayani, which emphasizes the role of teachers in inspiring students. Following Indonesia's independence, he served as the Minister of Education and Culture in the first cabinet. In November 1959, he was declared a National Hero of Indonesia, and his birthday was designated as National Education Day, celebrated annually to recognize his contributions to education in the country.