Puducherry Liberation Day is observed in the Indian union territory of Puducherry every November 1. This official holiday commemorates the day in 1954 when the former French territories of Pondicherry, Karaikal, Mahé, and Yanam were de facto transferred to India, marking the end of French colonial rule in the region. The city of Pondicherry, now known as Puducherry, was established as a French trading settlement in 1674 and changed hands multiple times between the French and British throughout history. Celebrations typically include flag-raising ceremonies and various cultural events that reflect the region's rich heritage. Another related observance, De Jure Transfer Day, is celebrated on August 16, marking the formal agreement between India and France in 1962.