Independence Day in Equatorial Guinea is observed on October 12, commemorating the country's independence from Spain in 1968. This public holiday is celebrated nationwide, with the main festivities taking place in the capital city of Malabo. The origins of the holiday trace back to the colonization of the territory, which began in 1474 when Portugal claimed the islands, later ceding control to Spain. The territory was known as Spanish Guinea from 1926 until its independence. Celebrations typically include colorful parades, official speeches, formal receptions, open-air performances, and various festive events, reflecting the national pride and cultural heritage of Equatorial Guinea.