Marathwada Liberation Day, observed in the Indian state of Maharashtra, recurs every September 17. This holiday commemorates the anniversary of Operation Polo, which led to the annexation of Hyderabad into India in 1948. The Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan, resisted joining either India or Pakistan, hoping for sovereignty, but negotiations failed, prompting military action. The day is marked by flag hoisting ceremonies and various cultural events, celebrating the integration of the Marathwada region, which was previously part of Hyderabad. However, many Muslim residents do not participate in the celebrations, as they associate the holiday with discrimination against the Muslim minority following the annexation.