Memorial Day in East Timor is observed every December 7 as a public holiday dedicated to honoring the victims of the Indonesian occupation, which began in December 1975 and lasted for over two decades. This day commemorates the significant suffering endured during the occupation, characterized by executions, massacres, torture, and famine, resulting in an estimated 90,000 to 200,000 deaths. The holiday's origins trace back to the aftermath of the 1974 Carnation Revolution and the subsequent declaration of independence by FRETILIN on November 28, 1975. Just nine days later, Indonesian military forces invaded East Timor, leading to widespread destruction and the suppression of armed resistance by 1979. Following the withdrawal of Indonesian forces and the recognition of East Timorese independence, December 7 was designated Memorial Day, while the anniversary of the occupation's beginning was initially marked as National Heroes Day before being moved to December 31. This day serves as a solemn reminder of the country's tumultuous history and the resilience of its people.