National Fragile X Awareness Day is observed worldwide every July 22 to educate the public about Fragile X syndrome (FXS), a genetic disorder linked to the X chromosome that primarily results in mild to moderate intellectual disability. The syndrome was first described in 1943 by British scientists Julia Bell and James Purdon Martin, with further developments in understanding occurring in the following decades. Symptoms of FXS can include hyperactivity, autism-like behaviors, and physical characteristics such as larger than normal ears and a long, narrow face. While there is no cure for the disorder, therapies and medications can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. The day was officially recognized by the United States Senate in 2000, and the National Fragile X Foundation has since declared July as Fragile X Awareness Month, hosting events and activities to promote understanding of the condition. Individuals can observe the day by educating themselves, sharing information on social media using the hashtag #FragileXAwarenessDay, or donating to organizations that support Fragile X research.