What is Constitution Day in Nepal?

Constitution Day, or “Samvidhan Diwas,” is celebrated annually on September 20th in Nepal to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution of Nepal in 2015. This day marks a significant milestone in the country’s history, as it symbolizes Nepal’s transition to a federal democratic republic. The constitution, adopted by the Constituent Assembly after years of political struggle and debate, is considered a historic document that guarantees democracy, federalism, secularism, and inclusiveness.

The day is a national public holiday, celebrated with various government-led events such as flag-hoisting ceremonies, speeches by government officials, and public parades, particularly in Kathmandu, Nepal’s capital. It is also a day for citizens to reflect on the nation’s progress towards democracy and unity.

History and Origin

Nepal’s Constitution of 2015 was officially promulgated on September 20, 2015, by President Ram Baran Yadav. This was the culmination of several years of efforts, beginning after the Nepalese Civil War (1996-2006) and the subsequent abolition of the monarchy in 2008, which led to the declaration of Nepal as a republic. Drafting the constitution took time due to various political disagreements, including how to accommodate the country’s diverse ethnic groups and regions under a federal system.

The Constitution of Nepal is the country’s seventh constitution, and it replaced the Interim Constitution of 2007. It defines Nepal as a secular and inclusive state, divided into seven federal provinces, ensuring fundamental rights to all citizens, including provisions for gender and caste equality.

Who Celebrates Constitution Day?

• Nepalese Citizens: Across the country, people celebrate Constitution Day by attending public events, watching parades, or reflecting on the importance of the constitution.
• Government Officials: Political leaders and public figures deliver speeches, emphasizing national unity and the significance of the constitution in securing democratic values.
• Military and Security Forces: The Nepalese military and police participate in parades and other ceremonial activities, showing respect for the country’s sovereignty and democratic framework.
• Educational Institutions: Schools and universities often hold special programs to educate students about the constitution’s significance, teaching them about Nepal’s journey to becoming a federal republic.
• Nepalese Diaspora: Nepalese communities living abroad also mark the occasion by organizing events that celebrate their cultural heritage and national pride.

Slogans and Themes

The themes for Constitution Day focus on democracy, national unity, and inclusiveness. Common slogans include “Prosperous Nepal, Happy Nepali” and “Unity in Diversity”, which reflect the principles enshrined in the constitution, such as federalism, equal rights, and inclusive governance.

Colors, Symbols, and Patterns

• Colors:
  • Red: Reflecting the red in Nepal’s national flag, symbolizing bravery and courage.
  • White: Signifying peace and harmony, core principles behind the constitution.
  • Blue: Represents the constitutional values of peace and stability.
• Symbols:
  • Nepalese National Flag: The only non-rectangular flag in the world, often flown proudly during the celebration.
  • Constitution Document: The symbol of Nepal’s sovereignty and legal foundation.
  • Mount Everest: Often used as a symbol of strength and pride, representing Nepal’s global identity.
• Patterns:
  • Sun and Moon Motifs: Represent the permanence and endurance of the country, often found in both the national flag and traditional designs.

Most Used Hashtags

• #ConstitutionDayNepal
• #SamvidhanDiwas
• #NepalConstitution
• #NepalUnity
• #DemocraticNepal

How to Celebrate

• Attend Public Ceremonies: Large gatherings and flag-raising ceremonies are held in cities like Kathmandu, where government officials and citizens celebrate the day with patriotic pride.
• Reflect on Democratic Values: Citizens use the day to reflect on the journey toward democracy and the importance of unity, diversity, and inclusiveness as outlined in the constitution.
• Engage in Civic Discussions: Schools and institutions organize debates, discussions, and lectures about the significance of the constitution and its impact on Nepal’s governance.
• Display the National Flag: Citizens proudly display the national flag outside their homes, schools, and government buildings as a symbol of unity.
• Share on Social Media: People share posts, images, and messages on social media using popular hashtags to celebrate and raise awareness of Nepal’s democratic progress.

Importance of Constitution Day in Nepal

Constitution Day is important because it commemorates the hard-fought journey toward democracy and the establishment of Nepal as a federal republic. The day underscores the values of inclusivity, equality, and justice, highlighting the importance of ensuring fundamental rights for all citizens regardless of their ethnicity, gender, or religion. It also serves as a reminder of the challenges the country faced in its transition from monarchy to democracy, and the ongoing efforts to implement the federal system effectively.

The constitution provides a framework for national unity, ensuring that Nepal’s diverse population is represented and empowered in its governance structure.